The Fermi paradox

▸ Counting stars in the Milky Way…

▸ Applying the Drake equation: N = R⋆·f_p·n_e·f_l·f_i·f_c·L

▸ "So where is everybody?" — Enrico Fermi

▸ Loading competing hypotheses (an open question)…

▸ Online. ✅

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🛸 N civilizations

N estimate—

Civilization fraction—

Hypothesis—

⚠️ Frontier of knowledge

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Drag the Drake assumption (pessimistic ↔ optimistic) to see N civilizations change · pick a hypothesis on the right to read

Number of 'living' civilizations over time (birth–death)living