Leave one box empty · drag the piston

🧪 PV = nRT

The ideal gas law as a living cylinder: gas particles bounce faster when hot, cram tighter when compressed. Fill three of P, V, n, T and the empty box solves itself — or drag the piston and watch pressure respond. Boyle, Charles and Gay-Lussac processes traced live on a P–V chart.

P kPa · V L = n mol · R · T K

Process:

Temp T 300 K Moles n 1 mol

R = 8.314 J/(mol·K); with P in kPa and V in litres, PV = nRT works directly (kPa·L = J). At 300 K and 1 mol, V = 24.9 L at atmospheric pressure ≈ 101.3 kPa. Drag the piston: with T held constant you trace Boyle's hyperbola P ∝ 1/V.