Hán → Nôm → Quốc ngữ
✍️ Scripts of Vietnam
How the Vietnamese wrote through the ages: a thousand years of chữ Hán scholarship, the ingenious homegrown chữ Nôm — see real borrowed characters and how new ones were fused from idea + sound parts — and the Latin-based Quốc ngữ that made literacy universal.
The three eras overlapped for centuries — Hán for administration, Nôm for literature, side by side. Nôm compound glyphs sit in Unicode CJK extension blocks that need special fonts (Nôm Na Tống…), so this page teaches their mechanics with diagrams instead of raw glyphs.